关键词: 人口负增长, 劳动年龄人口, 劳动力, 劳动参与率, 失业率

Abstract: Based on the data of the United Nations and the International Labor Organization, this article explores the relationship between negative population growth and labor force participation. There is a significant age (group) transmission process of negative population growth. Most countries and regions follow the development track of negative growth from population aged 0-14 to population aged 15-59, and then to total population. The relationship between negative population growth and labor force, labor force participation rate, and unemployment rate tends to be more detached. The negative growth of population aged 15-59 and labor force in China has already begun. The total population of China will step into the negative growth stage between 2027 and 2029, in which a slow decline in labor force is expected, but there will still be problems such as cyclical unemployment and structural unemployment. The article concludes with discussion on policy implications regarding raising fertility, delaying retirement age, grasping the rhythm of economic structural transformation and its employment shock, and enhancing quality of laborers and promoting the labor force participation.

Keywords: Negative Population Growth, Working-Age Population, Labor Force, Labor Force Participation Rate, Unemployment Rate