Abstract: Electricity power is the most frequently used secondary energy and the most population / household-related energy in human societies. The age and gender structure of population in Chinese households have changed to be much more diversified，which would have a significant impact on the residential electricity consumption at the household level. In order to examine the age-gender pattern in household electricity consumption，we use pooled data from the CFPS baseline database which includes age and gender of all the household members，decomposing household-level electricity consumption into individual-level age-gender pattern by defining the age-gender index as a key variable in the regression model. The results indicate that the impact of household size on per capital electricity usage differs between age-gender population groups. The age pattern presents a"inverted U”shape，while the gender pattern is“higher for females than males". 25-34 year old female population，which has a positive effect on per capital electricity usage，is the most important subject in household electricity consumption. Making and adjusting policy of multistep electricity price and prediction and planning of residential electricity consumption should take age and gender structure of population in households into consideration.

Keywords: Household, Electricity Consumption, Age-gender Pattern

摘要： 电力已经成为家庭生活使用最为频繁的二次能源，也是对家庭户人口规模和结构变动最为敏感的能源。中国家庭户人口年龄性别结构的多元化变动，势必会影响以户为单位进行的居民电力消费。文章利用包含家庭户所有成员年龄和性别的CFPS 基线调查数据，通过回归分解模型来估算分年龄性别人口的用电量，构建家庭户电力消费的年龄性别模式。结果发现:家庭户中不同年龄性别人口的增加对人均用电量的影响是不同的，呈现“倒U 型”的年龄别模式和“女高男低”的性别模式;25～34岁的女性人口增加对人均用电量具有特殊的正向效应，是家庭户电力消费最重要的行为主体。阶梯电价政策的制定和调整、居民电力消费的预测和规划都应充分考虑家庭户人口年龄性别结构及其变动的影响。  

关键词: 家庭户, 电力消费, 年龄性别模式