Abstract:  Using the 2010 population census data of Chongqing,China,the paper examines the relationship between population migration and children??s education. Particularly this paper compares three types of rural children,the left-behind children,the children with parents at home,and the children migrating to cities,regarding to their enrollment rate,completion rate of a certain level of schooling,and the chance of progressing to the next level of education. Taking advantage of a large sample and a more accurate definition of children??s type,the paper provides a better understanding of the relations between population migration and children??s education. The left-behind children have the highest rates of enrollment and progression,whereas the migrant children have the lowest rates for these two indicators and the children with parents at home have the middle rates. In regard to the completion of junior middle school,the three types of children have a reverse order. The differences of children??s education vary by children??s gender,their parental education,and the economic development of their home regions. Income,parent-child separation,and the interference of urban institution could be reasons for educational differences among the three types of children.

Keywords: Left-behind Children, Migrant Children, Children's Education, Parent-Child Separation, Institutional Interference

摘要： 文章利用重庆市 2010 年人口普查数据描述和初步解释人口流动与儿童教育的关系, 特别比较父母外出的农村留守儿童、与父母同住的农村儿童和流动到城市的农村儿童在在校率、教育 完成率和教育递进率上的差异。 通过使用更大的样本和更精细的儿童类型定义,有助于更准确地理 解人口流动与儿童教育的关系。 研究发现:在在校率和教育递进率上,农村留守儿童最高,与父母同 住的农村儿童其次,流动到城市的儿童最低;在教育完成率、特别是初中教育完成率上,3 类儿童的相 对大小完全相反。 3 类儿童教育状况的差异随着儿童性别、父母教育程度和户籍地经济发展水平的不 同而变化。 收入效应、亲子分离效应和制度隔离效应可能是 3 类儿童教育差异的原因。

关键词:  农村留守儿童, 流动儿童, 儿童教育, 亲子分离, 制度壁垒