Abstract: Based on 2014 China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey,this paper explores the effects of the “giving” behavior by the elderly on their mental health by using linear regression models,and discusses the moderating effect of cognitive evaluation on the relationship of the support behavior and mental health. The results show that the financial support and housework support for adult children are positively correlated with mental health of the Chinese older parents,but those supports demonstrate negative effects on their mental health if the supports are evaluated to be demanded excessively by the elderly. For the urban elderly,the evaluation of excessive demands by the elderly significantly moderates the effects of grandchildren caring on mental health,while for the rural elderly,the moderating role is found to be prominent on the relationship between financial support and mental health. The results also support the “ABC Emotion Theory”. Therefore,in the background of active ageing and improving older person‘s role in family,it is important to alleviate the burden of grandchildren caring of the urban elderly and the burden of financial support of the rural elderly in order to maintain their mental health.

Keywords: Elderly, Family, Intergenerational Support, Mental Health, Cognitive Evaluation

摘要： 文章根据 2014 年中国老年社会追踪调查数据,通过线性回归模型分析老年人在代际关系中的“给予”行为对心理健康的影响、以及老年人对这些支持行为的认知评价在其中的调节作用。 结果发现,老年人给予子女经济支持、家务支持对其心理健康有正向作用,但认为子女需求过多对其 心理健康有负向作用。 城镇老年人的认知评价会显著调节照顾孙子女对心理健康的影响方向,农村 老年人的认知评价会显著调节“向下”经济支持对心理健康的影响方向,结果支持认知行为主义的 ABC 情绪理论。 因此,在倡导积极老龄化并发挥老年人在家庭中作用的前提下,缓解城镇老年人照顾孙子女的压力、缓解农村老年人的经济压力分别是保持其良好心理健康状况的重点。

关键词:  , 老年人, 家庭, 代际支持, 心理健康, 认知评价