Abstract: Consumption demand plays an increasingly important role in China's economic growth, while it is also affected by population age structure. Using two waves of China Urban Labor Survey data, this study examines the consumption expenditure pattern of Chinese urban households and its determinants from the perspective of life cycle, focusing particularly on households with older adults. Results show that age affects both the quantity and structure of household consumption expenditure. After controlling for other factors, an older age of household head is associated with lower household consumption expenditure per capita and a lower share of consumption expenditure related to jobs, while it is related to a higher share of medical care consumption expenditure. Compared with young households, consumption expenditure per capita for households with older adults as the household heads is 8.8 and 22.5 percent lower in 2010 and 2016, respectively. Meanwhile, the share of consumption expenditure related to jobs is 12.6 and 13.2 percentage points lower, and the share of medical care consumption expenditure is 7.4 and 10.0 percentage points higher in 2010 and 2016.

Keywords:  Population Age Structure, Life Cycle, Quantity of Consumption Expenditure, Structure of Consumption Expenditure, Pattern of Consumption Expenditure

摘要： 消费需求在推动中国经济增长的诸要素中发挥着越来越重要的作用，人口年龄结构可能对消费需求产生较为明显的影响。利用2010和2016年两轮中国城市劳动力调查数据，从生命周期角度考察中国城市居民家庭的消费模式及其决定因素，并对老年家庭进行着重考察。研究表明，年龄不仅影响家庭人均消费数量，而且影响家庭消费结构。在控制其他因素的条件下，年龄越大，家庭人均消费数量越少，与工作相关消费占家庭总消费比重越低，医疗消费比重越高。2010和2016年，老年家庭人均消费数量较年轻家庭分别低8.8%和22.5%；老年家庭的与工作相关消费占家庭总消费比重较年轻家庭分别低12.6和13.2个百分点；医疗消费比重则分别高7.4和10.0个百分点。

关键词: 人口年龄结构, 生命周期, 消费数量, 消费结构, 消费模式