Abstract: Based on the classic reservation wage theory, this paper proposes the concept of reservation wage on platform and utilizes the carhailing platforms survey data to empirically investigate the impact and mechanism of heterogeneous work experience on reservation wages, and to examine the impact of the gig economy on the overall welfare rather than income of gig workers. The results reveal that the drivers who transferred from the laidoff and unemployed status have the lowest reservation wages. Coming from industries with excess capacity and having negative job search experience significantly reduce the reservation wages of the gig workers, and the former has a greater effect. Further, the risk attitude towards the platform and the degree of family support are important mechanisms, and the type of gig workers (survival or development) has a differentiating effect. Finally, the paper describes the gig workers' current status of labor supply and labor surplus. Based on this description, this paper discusses policy implications about helping gig workers transfer and improve employment quality.

Keywords: Gig Economy, Reservation Wages, Work Experience, Labor Supply, Labor Surplus

摘要： 借鉴经典保留工资理论，提出了平台就业者保留工资的概念，并利用网约车平台就业调查数据，实证检验了劳动者异质性工作经历的类型和质量对当期保留工资的影响及作用机制，以期明晰零工经济对参与者整体福利状态而非单纯对收入的影响。结果发现，由下岗失业状态转入平台的司机其保留工资最低；来自过剩产能行业和负面求职经历都显著降低零工的平台保留工资，其中，前者的效应更大；其次，零工在平台上的风险偏好和家庭支持程度是重要的影响机制，且零工从业类型（生存型和发展型）具有分化作用。最后，呈现了零工的劳动力供给与劳动者剩余现状，并在此基础上提出依托平台经济帮助劳动者转岗提质就业的政策建议。

关键词: 零工经济, 保留工资, 工作经历, 劳动力供给, 劳动者剩余