Abstract: Using data of 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey （CLHLS2018）, this paper designs indexes about the family burden of care for older adults and care intensity, and compares the differences of family care burden between rural and urban areas. For older adults whose ability of daily activities are limited, the family care burden in towns and villages is heavier than that in cities. The average number of family caretakers of the urban older adults is significantly fewer than that of the older adults in towns and villages. In daily life, the intensity of caring for the older adults in cities is higher than that in towns and villages. For older adults who are seriously ill and disabled, the care intensity in villages is higher than that of the older adults in cities and towns. Individuals health status has a significant impact on the burden of family care. To reduce the family and social care burden effectively, a health management system should be established based on the whole life cycle of the whole population while implementing the Healthy China Strategy.

摘要： 利用2018年中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查（CLHLS2018）数据，设置老年人家庭照料负担水平指标和照料强度指标，对比分析城乡老年人的家庭照料负担和照料强度。研究发现，日常活动能力受限后，镇和乡村老年人的照料负担重于城市老年人；城市老年人的家庭实际照料人数明显少于镇和乡村老年人，日常生活中城市老年人的照料强度高于相应的镇、乡村老年人；生活不能自理加重了城乡老年人的家庭照料强度，且在城市老年人中表现得更为突出。患重病后，乡村生活不能自理老年人的家庭照料强度重于相应的城市、镇老年人。健康状况对老年人照料负担具有显著影响，有效降低家庭和社会照料负担需在实施健康中国战略中建设立足于全人群全生命周期的健康管理体系。

关键词: 家庭照料, 照料负担, 照料强度