Abstract: When policymakers design child care policies, it is important to know maternal preferences for child care. Based on survey data collected in Nanjing, Wuhan, and Xi'an city, this research uses Best-Worst Scaling to explore maternal preferences for infant care. Results show that non-parental care is commonly used by mothers when they raise young children. There is a high demand for child care services. Mothers place more value on quality-oriented child care characteristics than practical-oriented child care characteristics. They believe that the most important characteristic of child care is to create a safe and loving caring environment. Maternal preferences for child care characteristics are significantly related to their child care choices. Mothers who value the accessibility of child care resources and caregivers' skills of early education and feeding tend to choose child care services. Thus, policymakers should pay more attention to both the quantity and quality of child care resources.

摘要： 精准把握育龄母亲的婴幼儿照顾偏好,对于细化三孩政策配套支持措施、明晰托育服务发展方向具有重要意义。 基于从南京、武汉和西安收集的育龄母亲数据,利用优劣尺度法探究母亲的婴幼儿照顾偏好。 结果显示,在养育婴幼儿时,非父母照顾方式应用广泛,托育服务社会需求旺盛;母亲更看重婴幼儿照顾方式的质量导向型特征而非实用导向型特征,最在乎照顾者能否为婴幼儿提供安全有爱的照顾氛围;婴幼儿照顾特征偏好与照顾方式选择之间存在显著关联,如果母亲看重照顾方式便捷性、照顾者早教启蒙能力或科学喂养能力,则其更倾向于选择托育服务方式来照顾婴幼儿。 因此,为实现“幼有所育”政策目标,既要促进婴幼儿照顾资源量的增长,更要加强对婴幼儿照顾资源质的保障。

关键词: 婴幼儿照顾, 照顾偏好, 托育服务, 优劣尺度法