Abstract: Based on the stress process theory and life course theory, this paper studies the trajectory of mental health of the rural elderly by using the longitudinal data obtained from the survey “Well-being of Elderly in Anhui Province” from 2001 to 2018. The results show that age trajectory of mental health of the older people in rural areas follows a curvilinear pattern. With the increase of age, the life satisfaction of the older people increases at first and then decreases, while the depression increases. The cohort trajectory of life satisfaction follows an inverted U-shaped pattern,and the depression follows a U-shaped pattern. The cohort groups born earlier and later have the lower life satisfaction and the higher depression level, while the middle cohort groups born in the first half of 1930s have the highest level of life satisfaction and the lowest level of depression. Marriage and work stage have some influence on the mental health of the rural older people.The rural older people who are women, or with lower income or more negative life events have poorer mental health. The rural older people with better self-rated health, higher financial support or more emotional connection have better mental health.

Keywords: Rural Older People, Mental Health, Trajectory, Life Course, Stress Process

摘要： 基于压力过程理论和生命历程理论,利用2001~2018年安徽省农村老年人福利状况调查数据,考察农村老年人心理健康的发展轨迹。结果显示,农村老年人心理健康的年龄轨迹呈曲线模式,随着生理年龄的增长,老年人的生活满意度先上升后下降,抑郁水平呈上升趋势;农村老年人生活满意度的队列轨迹呈倒U形模式,抑郁水平的队列轨迹呈U形模式,较早和较晚出生的老年人生活满意度较低、抑郁水平较高,中间队列即在20世纪30年代前半期出生的农村老年群体的生活满意度最高、抑郁水平最低;婚姻状况和工作阶段对农村老年人心理健康发展产生生命阶段效应;女性、收入较低、负性生活事件压力源较多的老年人心理健康较差,自评健康较好、经济支持较高、情感交流较频繁的老年人心理健康较好。

关键词: 农村老年人, 心理健康, 发展轨迹, 生命历程, 压力过程