Abstract: The National Strategy of Actively Responding to Population Ageing represents a significant effort to build consensus and integrate resources to enhance governance in an ageing society. This strategy innovatively expands upon the WHO's “Active Ageing” framework, with differences in conceptual meaning, objectives, and structural characteristics. Since its elevation to a national strategy, there has been a notable transformation in governance perspectives and patterns. With the proposal of China's Modernization, the strategy has gained new guidance. Therefore, it is essential to use Chinese modernization as a framework to re-evaluate this strategy, identifying its attribute trajectory and essential prerequisites. We should promote high-quality population development to optimize implementation conditions, strengthen the modernization of national governance to consolidate mechanisms, and effectively extend and realize new development momentum. Currently, it is critical to improve population governance, embrace an active ageing perspective, and create a diversified governance resource framework to expedite the enhancement of the implementation environment for the national ageing strategy.

Keywords: The National Strategy of Actively Responding to Population Ageing, China's Modernization, High-quality Population Development, Governance of Ageing Society, Ageing Civilization

摘要： 积极应对人口老龄化国家战略是以国家格局来凝聚共识、融汇资源以完善老龄社会治理的重大国家实践。它是对世界卫生组织提出的“积极老龄化”框架的创造性发展，二者在概念内涵及外延、行动目标与结构特征上存在差异。积极应对人口老龄化上升为国家战略后，中国老龄社会的治理格局和治理思路已实现转变。随着中国式现代化的提出与推进，积极应对人口老龄化国家战略的实施增加了新的遵循，应以中国式现代化为框架重新审视其属性脉络与基础要件，推进人口高质量发展以优化其实施条件，强化国家治理现代化以夯实其实施机制，并有效延展和兑现其发展新动能。当前，应强化人口治理、践行“积极老龄观”、构建治理资源多元化格局以加快优化积极应对人口老龄化国家战略的实施环境。

关键词: 积极应对人口老龄化国家战略, 中国式现代化, 人口高质量发展, 老龄社会治理, 老龄文明