Abstract: This paper examines the factors associated with return migration using data from a sur- vey on rural labour transfer and urbanization in seven provinces in central-west China. Rural return migration is influenced，on the one hand，by employment status，income，and social security exclusion in cities，and on the other hand，by family life，family labor size and land acquisitions in the villages. Return migration is a combined result of“active return”and“passive return”，and of individual and family decision making. The authors analyze the positive effects of return migration，resulting in Brain Gain based on migrants' human capital accumulation during their migration. Returned migrants are more likely to engage in non-agricultural activities and self-entrepreneurship. Migration and return migration jointly help mobilize labor market and promote rural-urban development in China.

Keywords:  Rural Migrants, Return Migration, Return Migration Effect, Migration Effect

摘要： 文章分析农村外出劳动力回流迁移的影响因素。农村外出劳动力在城市就业、经济 收入和社会保障的排斥影响他们的回流，同时回流迁移也受到家庭生活、家庭劳动力状况、家庭农业 活动和农地状况等因素的影响。外出劳动力的回流迁移是“被动回流”和“主动回流”相结合的过程、 是个体决策和家庭决策的综合过程。文章提出劳动力回流迁移具有“回流效应”，回流带来人力资本 的补偿、促进流出地非农经济的发展和带来创业的增长。劳动力回流作为城镇化过程中内生的逆迁 移流，构成乡城迁移和劳动力市场平衡的补充机制，与乡城迁移一起促进城镇化和城乡平衡发展。文 章提出在城镇化过程中需要支持“迁移效应”和“回流效应”机制共同发挥作用。

关键词: 外出劳动力, 回流迁移, 回流效应, 迁移效应