Abstract: By applying latent class model on the data of Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Study 2018, this paper analyzes the lifestyle patterns and the impacts of socio-economic status on lifestyle patterns among the older adults in China. Results show that the lifestyle patterns of the older adults in China can be divided into 4 types, which could be characterized as “lowstandard”“healthy”“mixed” and “risky” lifestyle, while the “lowstandard” type is the most distinguished lifestyle pattern of the older adults in China. The impacts of socioeconomic status on lifestyle patterns are not only significant by itself but could also change with age with different mechanisms. In the disadvantaged socioeconomic groups of older adults, the beneficial effects of socioeconomic status could be offset by ageing. However, in the advantaged socioeconomic groups of older adults, socioeconomic status could offset the adverse effects of ageing. This phenomenon is interpreted as “convergence at lower levels while divergence at higher levels” in this study. Finally, based on the research findings, this paper provides implications for promoting a healthy lifestyle among the older adults in China.

Keywords: Lifestyle, Socio-Economic Status, Convergence, Divergence, Latent Class Analyses

摘要： 基于2018年中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查数据，运用潜类别模型分析中国老年人生活方式的类型、特征、社会经济地位对生活方式的影响及其变化机制。研究发现，中国老年人生活方式可以划分为生存型、健康型、混合型和风险型，生存型生活方式在中国老年人中兼具独特性和广泛性。社会经济地位对老年人生活方式的影响主要体现为“地位束缚”，并且其影响随年龄增长而改变。在弱势地位的老年群体中，社会经济地位因素的影响会随着年龄增长被削弱；在优势地位的老年群体中，社会经济地位因素会抵消年龄增长带来的不利影响。这一现象可以被概括为低水平的“收敛”与高水平的“发散”。基于研究发现对现实层面促进中国老年人形成健康生活方式提出政策建议。

关键词: 生活方式, 社会经济地位, 收敛, 发散, 潜类别分析