Abstract: The declaration “planning development from the perspective of harmonious co-existence between humanity and nature” provides guidance for integrating population development and green development in resource-based cities at the conceptual, factual, and policy levels. Empirical research of this paper has found that the sustainable transformation of China's resource-based cities aims to improve employment and economy, with population development being prioritized over green development. However, green transformation contributes more to employment rate than traditional industrial transformation. Cooperation between employment expansion policies and environment improvement policies is conducive to achieving mutual goals, mainly due to the reduced dependence on finance and the enhanced public services. The key to improving the sustainable transformation policies in resource-based cities lies in handling the relationship between partial and overall, short-term and long-term, as well as government and market concerning the mutual goals of employment promotion and environment improvement. Incentivized by the green transition of the development mode, the endogenous mechanism of mutual promotion of “employment priority” and “ecological priority” will be realized in resource-based cities.

Keywords: Harmonious Co-existence between Humanity and Nature, Population Employment, Environment Improvement, Resource -based Cities, Sustainable Transformation

摘要： “站在人与自然和谐共生的高度谋划发展”这一论断在理念层面、事实层面和政策层面都为资源型城市统筹人口发展与绿色发展提供了指引。通过实证研究发现，中国资源型城市可持续转型政策的主要导向是促进经济增长和扩大就业，人口发展成效相对优于绿色发展成效；与传统意义上的产业转型相比，绿色转型能够更好地促进就业；资源型城市促进就业政策与环境治理政策的协同降低了对财政支出的依赖性，并强化了公共服务，在一定程度上有助于实现人口发展与绿色发展的协同。资源型城市可持续转型政策优化的关键在于处理好短期与长期、局部与全局、政府与市场的关系，以发展方式绿色转型带动人口发展，形成“就业优先”与“生态优先”相互促进的内生机制。

关键词: 人与自然和谐共生, 人口就业, 环境治理, 资源型城市, 可持续转型