关键词: 生育水平 , 生育意愿 , 避孕方法 , 生育养育服务

Abstract: Based on 2017 China Fertility Survey, this paper analyzes the national fertility level, fertility intentions, contraceptive use, and childbearing and parenting services. The results show that, from 2006 to 2016, the mean ages at first marriage and first birth increased by 2.7 and 2.6 years, respectively. The total fertility rate between 2006 and 2011 was between 1.60-1.70 and fluctuated between 2012 and 2016, peaking in the years of 2012 and 2016. Compared with the curves of age-specific fertility rate in 2006 and 2011, the one in 2016 shifted significantly to the right. Affected by the selective two-child policy and the universal two-child policy, the proportion of second parity has increased since 2012, while the trend is opposite for the proportion of first parity. Since 2011, the sex ratio at birth has declined slightly. For women at childbearing ages, the ideal number of children is 1.96, while the intended number of children is 1.75. The rate of contraceptive use of currently married women at childbearing ages is 84.7%. About 80.8% of children aged 3-5 are enrolled in the kindergarten, 34.9% are in public institutions and 65.1% in private institutions. The future trend of Chinese fertility is also discussed.

Keywords: Fertility Level ,  , Fertility Intentions ,  , Contraceptive Methods ,  , Childbearing and Parenting Services