Abstract: China and India are the largest population countries in the world. The sex ratio at birth (SRB) of both of them have become higher than normal scale and rising since the early of 1980s. Currently,China’s SRB is around 120 per 100 females,and India is 113. Estimate of basing on the census data of India (2001) and China (2000),the size of missing girls between 0 to 19 years old in India and China is 11.9457 millions and 16.1242 millions,and their rate of missing girls is 6.12% and 6.82% respectively. This number and rate of China decreased with age,mainly to the prenatal female missing because of higher SRB,sex selective abortion and female missing report or under report. But the India’s indicators increased with age,mainly to postnatal female disappearance because of the lower sex ratio of age specific mortality rate and male superior living condition than female at young age.

Keywords: missing girls, sex ratio at birth, sex ratio of age specific mortality rate

摘要： 中国和印度是世界上人口规模最大的国家,两国的出生人口性别比自1980年代以来几乎同时开始偏高且不断升高。目前,中国的出生人口性别比高达120(女=100),印度为113。基于中国和印度2000年/2001年人口普查资料推算,两国0～19岁"失踪女孩"的规模分别为1194.57万和1612.42万,女孩失踪率分别为6.12%和6.82%。中国"失踪女孩"数量和女孩失踪率随年龄增长而递减,以产前失踪为主,主要是出生人口性别比持续偏高和升高所致,是出生前胎儿性别选择和女婴漏报和瞒报的结果。印度"失踪女孩"数量和女孩失踪率随年龄增长而递增,以产后失踪为主,主要受性别间年龄别死亡率比偏低的影响,是出生后男孩与女孩生存条件存在巨大差异的结果。

关键词: 失踪女孩, 出生性别比, 年龄别死亡率性别比