Abstract: This article explores and explains the meaning and characteristics of population balance, arguing that population balance is characterized by complexity,dialectical unity,pluralistic and stereoscopic nature. Demographic equilibrium theory which has achieved a major breakthrough in modern science of population is the "gravity center" for population development and provides theoretical support for the scientific decision-making. Development of China’s population has successively experienced "survival","growing",and "developing" balanced states. Implementation of "comprehensive development of human resources","urban and rural integration" and "the main functional region" strategies is the necessary option for building a population-balanced society.

Keywords: Population Balance, Balanced Development of Population, Population-balanced Society

摘要： 文章对人口均衡的内涵和中国特色进行了深入的研究,认为人口均衡具有复合体、辩证统一体、多元立体等特征;人口均衡理论实现了现代人口科学的重大突破,是构建人口发展的"引力中心",为科学决策提供理论支撑;中国人口发展相继经历了"生存型"、"增长型"、"发展型"均衡态;实施"人力资源综合开发"、"城乡一体化"、"主体功能区"等战略是构建人口均衡型社会的必然选择。

关键词: 人口均衡, 人口均衡发展, 人口均衡型社会