Abstract: This paper examines changes of population pressure on the ecological environment and its spatial variation in China． Data are collected from the statistical yearbooks of 31 provincial administrative areas in 1990，1995，2000，2005 and 2010. Using a geographic information system ( GIS) and relevant models，this paper analyzes trends in the population pressure on ecological environment and the change of the gravity center of ecological environment quality in China． Generally，population pressure on the ecological environment in China is becoming higher，population and environment has been in serious imbalance，and the ecological environment is suffering from serious pollution． While population pressure on the ecological environment is becoming lower in some areas，the ecological environment is getting worse． Areas of super high population pressure on the ecological environment include Beijing，Tianjin and Shanghai． There is a far distance between the gravity center of population pressure on the ecological environment and the gravity center of ecological environment quality，but the general trend is that they are moving from West to East China．Finally this paper discusses policy suggestions on improving ecological environment quality．

Keywords: Chinese Population, Eco-environment, Eco-environmental Pressure, Eco-environmental Quality

摘要： 利用统计数据,通过区域理想人口密度、人口对生态环境压力相关计量模型,借助ARCGIS技术,揭示了中国及31个省、市、区的人口对生态环境压力的时间变化态势及其空间分异规律。研究表明:(1)总体而言,1990~2010年间我国各省市区人口对生态环境的压力逐渐增大,部分地区人口与生态环境之间的关系严重失调,生态环境污染严重;(2)在一定时间段内,部分区域人口对其生态环境的压力逐渐减小,但生态环境质量却持续恶化;(3)人口对生态环境压力的超高压区为北京、天津、上海3个特大城市;(4)人口对生态环境压力重心和生态环境质量重心移动的轨迹相距甚远,但移动的总趋势是自西向东。

关键词: 中国人口, 生态环境, 生态环境压力, 生态环境质量