Abstract: Shidu families refers to the parents that have lost their only child but are unable or unwilling to bear or adopt another one. This is a special group stemming from carrying out Chino's family planning policy, particularly the one-child policy. Because of the death of the only child. these families are increasingly confronted with material and spiritual difficulties, hence becoming"vunerable". Investigating the situation and claims of those families and related supporting policies has major impliations for enhancing people's sense of gaining and happiness and promoting social harmony and stability. Based on data from a survey of 400 shidu families conducted in Henan Province in 2017, this paper analyses the situation and problems of the families who have lost their only child, and raises polilcy recommandations involving institutional arrangement, social support network and spiritual comfortmechanism.

Keywords: Shidu Families(Parents Who Have Lost Their Only Child) ,  , Interest Demand ,  , Support Policy ,  , Security System

摘要： 失独家庭是指其独生子女死亡，不能或不愿再生育、收养子女的家庭。这是我国在推行计划生育过中形成的一个特殊群体。由于独生子女死亡，这些曾经为国家做出贡献的计划生育家庭面临物质和精神方面的特殊困难，已由社会“光荣群体”变为“弱势群体”。开展失独家庭扶助保障政策研究，关注他们的利益诉求，对有效解决这一群体的问题，增强人民群众的获得感、幸福感，促进社会和谐稳定具有积极意义。文章采用2017年河南省400户失独家庭的抽样调查数据，深入分析了失独家庭的现状及其问题，并从机构职能、制度安排、社会支持网络构筑以及精神抚慰机制的建立等方面提出了失独家庭扶助保障的政策建议。

关键词: 失独家庭 , 利益诉求 , 扶助政策 , 保障体系