Abstract: Children from distressed families show poor social adaptation, and are more vulnerable to peer bullying and likely to experience social adjustment problems. Based on the survey data of “Research on Children's Health Problems in Distressed Families”, this paper focuses on the prosocial behavior of children with disabled or severely disabled parents, and explores the causes of their prosocial behavior problems from the perspective of family function. The results show that children with disabled parents perform worse prosocial behavior than ordinary children. Further analysis suggests that having parents with severe disabilities has negative impacts on children's nutritional diets, family living environment and family education. The negatively affected family education status further leads to children's worse prosocial behavior. Therefore, we should focus on the implementation of “family responsibilities” for children from distressed families, improve their family functions, thus promote their social adaptation and ensure their comprehensive development.

Keywords: Children from Distressed Families, Parents with Severe Disabilities and Severe Illness, Prosocial Behavior

摘要： 困境家庭儿童社会适应处于弱势状态，父母重残或重症的困境家庭儿童更易因父母状况受到同伴欺辱而产生社会适应问题。利用“困境家庭儿童健康问题研究”调查数据，研究父母重残或重症儿童亲社会行为状况，并从家庭功能视角解释其亲社会行为问题成因。研究发现父母重残或重症儿童亲社会行为状况比普通儿童更差，进一步分析发现父母重残或重症对儿童的营养膳食状况、家庭生活环境及家庭教育情况具有负向影响，并通过改变儿童的家庭教育状况对儿童的亲社会行为产生负向影响。据此，应重点关注困境家庭儿童“家庭责任”的落实，提高其家庭功能，减缓因困境带来的家庭功能削弱，从而促进困境家庭儿童的社会适应，切实保障其全面发展。

关键词: 困境家庭儿童, 父母重残重症, 亲社会行为