Abstract: The rural family planning rewards policy has been greatly appreciated in rural China,which is being praised ’a significant innovation’ and has won an international reputation for Chinese family planning policy.However,in the context of changing population trends and inevitability of adjusting China’s Family Planning Policy,this article argues that there are political risks in the current family planning policy which aims at low fertility.In view of the situation of the new rural old-age insurance policy being experimented,that paper suggests that the family planning rewards policy be incorporated into the experimental old-age insurance policy,with specific ideas and methods of the policy reform.Finally,the article also discusses the problems that may occur in the policy conversion process and the coping strategies.

Keywords: Family Planning Rewards Policy, Political Risks, New Rural Old-age Insurance System

摘要： 农村奖扶制度自2004年推行以来,深受农村居民的欢迎,并为中国的计划生育政策赢得了良好的国际声誉,被称作我国计划生育政策的一次重要创新。但本文通过对我国人口现状和发展趋势、生育水平变化等分析,从未来我国计生政策调整的必然性推断,以奖励少生为主要目的的计划生育奖扶制度存在潜在且较大的风险。为此,本文结合当前新型农村社会养老保险试点情况,建议将奖扶制度并入新农保政策,并提出了制度改革的具体思路和办法。文章一并讨论了制度转换过程中可能出现的问题及应对策略。

关键词: 农村, 计划生育奖励扶助制度, 新农保