Abstract: Using the data from CLDS, this paper analyzes the changing trend of health gap between rural migrants and urban residents as well as the mechanisms causing this trend in the process of rural-urban migration. By applying the Logit model and Fairlie non-linear decomposition method, we find that: (1) There is a health loss mechanism during the rural-urban migration process in according with the “epidemiological paradox”. A transition is observed from health advantage into health disadvantage for rural migrants comparing to urban residents, suggesting that rural-urban migration has a negative impact on the health conditions of rural migrants; (2) The health maintenance factor and the health loss factor are important reasons for the health gap between rural migrants and urban residents, while the health loss factor is more important. Variables such as living environment, individual income deprivation, workload, and living with spouse have great contribution to the health gap; (3) The changing trend of health conditions of male and female rural migrants is consistent with the whole sample. The relationship of the health conditions between male and female rural migrants is in line with the “gender paradox of health”, with differing factors affecting the health conditions of male and female rural migrants.

Keywords: Rural Migrants ,  , Urban Residents ,  ,  Epidemiological Paradox ,  , Health Maintenance Factor ,  ,  Health Loss Factor

摘要： 文章利用2014年CLDS数据，运用Logit回归和Fairlie因素分解方法，分析乡城流动人口与城镇居民健康差距的变化趋势及其成因。研究发现：（1）流动具有内生于流动过程的健康损耗效应，存在“流行病学悖论”。流动初期，乡城流动人口的健康状况优于城镇居民，随着时间增加，此优势逐渐消损，直至差于城镇居民。（2）“健康维持因素”和“健康损耗因素”是造成流动人口与城镇居民之间健康差距的重要原因，其中“健康损耗因素”更为显著。构成两个因素的全部变量中，“收入剥夺指数”、“夫妻同住”、“居住环境”及“工作强度”4个变量对健康差距的贡献率位居前四。（3）男女乡城流动人口健康状况的变化趋势与全样本一致，且符合“健康性别悖论”，不同因素对男女健康的影响力不同。

关键词: 乡城流动人口 , 城镇居民 , 流行病学悖论 , 健康维持因素 , 健康损耗因素