Abstract: The Dulong nationality is one of the smallest ethnic minorities in China, which is the first Zhiguo (directly-entering socialism) ethnic group that achieved an overall poverty alleviation in 2018; thus how to steadily shake off poverty of the Zhiguo ethnic groups has become a major policy concern. By calculating and decomposing the stable poverty alleviation index, this paper explores the implications of stable poverty alleviation and establishes its theoretical framework and evaluation system. The results suggest that the stable poverty alleviation performance of the Zhiguo ethnic groups has reached a presentable level, and the capital and ability of the out-of-poverty population are increasing over time. Structurally speaking, economic, human and social capital are weighed highly while natural capital being relatively weak for the stable poverty alleviation performance, which informs priorities of policies for stabilizing poverty alleviation of the Zhiguo ethnic groups in the future.

Keywords: Zhiguo (Directly-entering Socialism) Ethnic Groups, Population out of Poverty, Stable Poverty Alleviation, Index Measurement

摘要： 2018年，独龙族成为我国第一个实现整族脱贫的直过民族，如何让直过民族脱贫人口稳定脱贫成为亟需关注的问题。文章诠释稳定脱贫的含义，构建稳定脱贫理论框架和评价体系，采用2014~2018年独龙族全样本数据，通过对稳定脱贫指数计算和分解，全面展现我国直过民族脱贫人口稳定脱贫水平和政策含义。研究发现，我国直过民族脱贫人口稳定脱贫指数得分多处于中偏上水平，从动态角度考察，稳定脱贫指数呈稳步上升趋势，脱贫人口内在能力显著增强；从结构维度考察，脱贫人口经济资本、人力资本和社会资本权重较大，这为我国直过民族稳定脱贫找寻到了政策重点和推进的优先秩序。对于脱贫人口自然资本，相对低的权重和偏弱的生产条件表明，需要进一步优化土地用途结构并合理利用。

关键词: 直过民族, 脱贫人口, 稳定脱贫, 指数测度