Abstract: Parental imprisonment tends to result in family predicament, causing changes in family and social environment that would bring serious psychological pressure to children. Based on the health ecological model, using the data from “Research on the Health Status of Children in Difficult Families” to analyze the impact of parental imprisonment on children's mental health from the perspective of family and social environment. The study shows that mental health status of children of prisoners is significantly worse; and family environment, social interaction and social bullying are important affecting factors. Compared with ordinary children, mental health of children of prisoners is more susceptible to negative events such as abuse by their caregivers and bad social interaction. Therefore, in addition to family environment, it is necessary to create a good social environment to reduce prejudice and discrimination against these children, to improve their growth environment and promote their physical and mental health development.

Keywords: Parental Imprisonment, Children, Mental Health, Health Ecological Model

摘要： 父/母服刑会导致家庭陷入困境，其带来的一系列家庭环境和社会环境变化会对儿童心理健康造成重要影响。基于健康生态学模型，利用“困境家庭儿童健康问题研究”数据，研究父/母服刑困境儿童心理健康状况，并从家庭环境和社会环境视角分析父/母服刑对儿童心理健康的影响。研究发现，父/母服刑儿童心理健康状况较差；家庭精神环境和社会交往、社会欺凌是影响该群体心理健康的重要因素；与普通儿童相比，该儿童群体心理健康状况更容易受到诸如抚养人打骂、不良社会交往等负性事件的影响。对于父/母服刑的困境家庭儿童而言，在重视其家庭精神环境的同时，更需营造良好的社会环境，减少对该群体的偏见和歧视，改善其成长环境，以促进其身心健康发展。

关键词: 父/母服刑, 儿童, 心理健康, 健康生态学模型