Abstract: The dilemma between work and family is an important factor affecting the willingness of individuals to have children. This paper empirically studies the impact of platform employment on individual fertility intentions and its mechanism by using micro-survey data from July to October 2021. The results show that platform employment significantly improves individual fertility intentions, especially the willingness to have a first child and a second child, and this promoting effect is stronger in the female sample. Mechanism analysis shows that platform employment mainly promotes individual fertility intentions through income effect and work-family balance. Further heterogeneity research shows that platform employment has a positive effect on fertility intentions mainly in urban areas and individuals with high school or some college education. This paper provides empirical evidence for improving fertility intentions by promoting more flexible forms of employment, which has important implications for the construction of a more fertility-friendly policy system.

摘要： 工作和家庭的两难平衡是影响个体生育意愿的重要因素。利用2021年7~10月一项针对平台就业者的专项调查数据，实证研究数字经济下衍生的平台就业对个体生育意愿的影响及其内在机制。研究结果表明，平台就业显著提高了个体生育意愿，特别是一孩和二孩的生育意愿，且这一促进作用在女性样本中表现更加明显。机制分析表明，平台就业主要通过收入效应、平衡工作和家庭机制来提升个体生育意愿。进一步的异质性研究显示，平台就业对个体生育意愿的提升效应主要体现在城镇地区以及高中和大专这些典型学历个体。这些研究发现为通过促进更加灵活的就业形式来改善个体生育意愿提供了经验证据，对构建更加生育友好的政策体系具有重要意义。

关键词: 平台就业, 生育意愿, 数字经济, 三孩政策