Abstract: The population ageing in China has become increasingly profound, and Actively Responding to Population Ageing has become a national strategy. While the older adults at age 60-69 (i.e., the young old adults) have great human resources to be utilized, their labor force participation levels have not been thoroughly examined. Based on data from the censuses and 1% population sampling surveys from 2000 to 2020, this study describes the demographic characteristics and labor force participation features of the young old adults in China from the perspectives of urban-rural areas, regions, gender, education and health status. The study reveals that the size of the young old adults in China is rapidly growing, with continuous improvements in education and health human capital. However, the efficiency of utilizing the human resources of the young old adults remains low. The young old workers in rural and remote areas primarily engage in agricultural activities, with a relatively single employment structure. Although the young old adults in urban and developed areas have more job opportunities, they mostly engage in low-end labor with low incomes and poor social insurance. The young old women have great potential in terms of human resources, but they face more employment obstacles at institutional, socio-cultural and personal cognitive levels.

Keywords: The Young Old Adults, Labor Force Participation, Active Ageing

摘要： 中国的人口老龄化程度越来越深，积极应对人口老龄化已成为国家战略。低龄老年人作为老年人力资源开发的主要对象，其劳动参与现状尚未得到详尽描画。以2000年以来历次全国人口普查和1%人口抽样调查数据为基础，从城乡、地区、性别、受教育程度和健康状况等角度描绘中国低龄老年人的人口学特征和劳动参与特征。研究发现，中国低龄老年人的规模正在迅速扩大，且教育和健康人力资本持续改善，但目前中国低龄老年人力资源的开发效率仍然较低；农村和边远地区的低龄老年人多从事农业劳动，就业结构比较单一；城镇和发达地区的低龄老年人虽然拥有更多就业机会，但却大多从事收入水平低、社会保障差的低端劳动；女性低龄老年群体的人力资源潜力较大，但却面临更多的制度、社会文化和个人认知层面的就业阻力。

关键词: 低龄老年人, 劳动参与, 积极老龄化