Abstract: In the era of low fertility, negative parenting experiences significantly reduce fertility intentions. Parental burnout, a negative emotional state associated with fulfilling parental responsibilities, has garnered widespread attention in academic research. Prior research predominantly concentrated on the micro-level analysis or a narrow cultural standpoint, neglecting an in-depth exploration of the complex social mechanisms underlying parental burnout. This study proposes the “Cultural Field Tension Hypothesis” and employs a hierarchical linear model to explore the effects of cultural field tension on parental burnout by using data from 14 post-fertility transition countries. The results show that individualistic cultural tendencies, female labour force participation, childcare service coverage, and the degree of gender inequality are all strongly associated with the severity of parental burnout. From the perspective of parental burnout, this study highlights the need to reassess current fertility support policies. Gender-equal policies should be promoted to foster the synergistic progress of the family and society in achieving gender equality and to enhance the positive experience of individuals in the childbearing process.

Keywords: Parental Burnout, Parenting Experience, Cultural Field, Family Policy

摘要： 在低生育率时代，不良的养育体验对育龄人群的再生育意愿具有明显的抑制作用。作为履行父母职责的一种消极情感体验，养育倦怠已引起学界广泛关注。现有研究多局限于微观层面或单一文化视角，缺乏对养育倦怠复杂社会机制的深入分析。通过提出文化场域张力假说，采用多层线性模型，基于14个后生育率转变国家的相关数据，深入探究文化场域张力对父母养育倦怠的具体影响机制。研究发现，个人主义文化倾向、女性劳动参与状况、托育服务覆盖情况，以及性别不平等程度等均与养育倦怠严重程度密切相关。从养育倦怠的视角审视现行的生育支持政策，有必要进一步明确政策的性别平等方向，推进家庭与社会在性别平等领域协同进步，增强生育主体在养育子女过程中的积极体验。

关键词: 养育倦怠, 养育体验, 文化场域, 家庭政策