Abstract: A major function of institutions import has been to formalize and immobilize the formerly spontaneous social stratification,and to label different classes with clear identifiable character,resulting in an obvious class gradient.This research identifies another social stratification mechanism by looking at differentiation of the migrant population resulting from the residence registration system in the big cities.As far as floating population is concerned,the income gap among different stratum is not very large;however social security,employment,education opportunity and upward mobility vary considerably across different sub-stratums.Re-stratification of stratums arises from interactive effects among institutional factors,human capital,unit and social relations.Public policies are not neutral,and are of inequality nature with selection or discrimination.

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摘要： 制度导入的一个重要功能是将原来自发的社会分化正式化和固定化了,并赋予不同阶层的人群以更清晰的身份标签,呈现一个可视的清晰的阶层梯度。本研究以大城 市居住证制度引入之后外来流动人口的分化为例说明另一种社会分层的机制特征。虽然外来人口内部的不同阶层之间收入差距并不是非常大,但是其亚阶层的社会保障、就业和教育机会以及通往上一阶层流动或成为城市居民的机会却存在显著的差异。阶层的再分化是由外在制度因素与人群的人力资本、单位以及社会关系状况等内在因素交互作用的产物。作为外在制度的公共政策是非中性的,政策本身具有选择和歧视的不平等特性。

关键词: 制度导入, 阶层再分化, 居住证制度, 流动人口, 户籍改革