Abstract: This paper utilizes Marxist population theory to examine the issue of China’s population at present and its tendency in the next few decades,putting forward a "new proposal" of "control-led-reduction" and explicates the strategy of scientific development based on the one-child oriented population policy which better coordinates between population,natural resources and ecological environment.This paper argues against various popular opinions in such issues as fertility human right,population density,aging,gender imbalance,second child of high-quality,and single-child personality.

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摘要： 文章以马克思主义人口理论审视中国目前和今后数十年的人口形势,在此基础上提出先控后减的"新人口策论",论证"一胎化"取向的人口与资源及生态环境相协调的 科学发展战略,并从生育权利、人口密度、人口老化、性别失衡、高质二胎和独子性格共6个方面作了阐述,与不同观点商榷。

关键词: 新人口策论, 人口发展战略, 计划生育政策, 一胎化, 放开二胎