Abstract: Using data collected by the authors from the 2008 Shanghai Health and Migration Sample Survey,this paper examines the living conditions and health status of urban migrants.Compared with the local residents,migrants have better physical and mental health but worse living conditions,and particularly they have clear disadvantages in all aspects of housing conditions.Controlling for demographic and socioeconomic variables,the regression results confirms that living conditions is one of the important social determinants of health,but different variables of living conditions have different direction and magnitude of impacts on different health indicators.Moreover,the interaction analysis shows that the impact of living conditions on health generally tend to be weaker for migrants than for local residents,and different variables of living conditions have different impact on these two groups’ health status.This conclusion is important to relevant administrative departments for making policies on improving migrants’ living conditions and health outcomes.

Keywords: Migrants, Living Conditions, Health, Shanghai

摘要： 本文利用上海2008年的抽样调查数据，考察了一个特别重要但是长期被忽视的群体——城市外来人口居住条件和健康的问题。通过与本地居民的对比,发现外来人口的身心健康好于本地居民,但在居住条件、尤其是住房条件各方面均表现出对本地居民的明显劣势。回归分析结果说明，控制人口和社会经济变量，居住条件的确是影响城市外来人口健康的重要社会因素之一，但对于不同的健康指标，不同居住条件变量作用的大小和方向有所不同。此外，对居住条件与户籍身份的交互作用分析显示，居住条件对城市外来人口健康的影响总体上弱于对本地居民健康的影响，不同的居住条件变量对城市外来人口与本地居民健康的影响关系有所不同。这一结论将有助于政府部门制定更加适合外来人口的改善居住条件与健康状况的相关政策。

关键词: 外来人口, 居住条件, 健康, 上海