Using the  sixth national population census data ，this paper  examines spatial  relationship  and patterns of  China ’s urbanization by  Exploratory? Spatial  Data Analysis． Spatial  autocorrelation  of  urbaniza- tion is a main factor  causing  spatial? differences  of  urbanization  which  also  moderates  the  impacts  of  other factors affecting urbanization． Using  spatial  error  model  which  controls  spatial  autocorrelation  for  regression analysis ，we find that regional differences in land urbanization ，employment and output in the secondary and tertiary  sectors ，and GDP per capita largely determines spatial? differences and patterns of urbanization． An increased level of  employment  of  the tertiary  sector has a larger effect in Central than in East China． Unlike some previous  studies ，when  controlling  for  major  factors ，we  find  regional  financial  expenditure ，export ， development  of  Hong  Kong ，Macao and Taiwan － funded enterprises? and foreign － funded  enterprises have not had  significant  impact  on regional patterns of  urbanization．