Table of Content

29 March 2022, Volume 46 Issue 2

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The Structural Characteristics of Interethnic Marriage in China: An Investigation Based on Social Networks Analysis

Wu Xiwei, Dao Weihao

2022, 46(2):  3-19. 

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Interethnic marriage can be viewed as a social relation system characterized by a set of ethnic groups and their intermarriage ties. Therefore, Interethnic marriage data are relational data. This paper is the first attempt to use social network analysis methods and tools to depict the structural characteristics of Interethnic marriage relations in China. Based on 2010 census data, this research suggests that a national Interethnic marriage circle centered on the Han nationality has formed. Meanwhile, there are 8 local intermarriage subcircles which consist of different minority ethnic groups. Such structure demonstrated a diversified but integrated Chinese nation. Social network analysis is a reliable and valid approach to understand the structure of Interethnic marriage relations. The graphical presentation of social networks, centrality measurement and community identification technology are especially useful.

Ten Trends in Interethnic Marriage in China since the Reform and OpeningUp

Huang Fan, Duan Chengrong, Bi Zhongpeng

2022, 46(2):  20-35. 

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Interethnic marriage is of great significance to construct the pattern of ethnic embeddedness and create a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation. Through exploring the data of the national censuses and 1% population sample surveys since 1982, this paper summarizes ten major trends in interethnic marriage in China since the reform and openingup: the universalization of interethnic marriage with a substantial increase of the population and proportion of interethnic marriage; the relative differentiation of interethnic marriage among ethnic groups; the expanding of interethnic marriage circle with the subcircles blending with each other; the relatively deep degree of interethnic marriage in northeast and southwest areas; the positive impact of urbanization on interethnic marriage; the promotion of interethnic marriage by migration; the steplike sex ratio difference; the improvement of womens family status; the positive correlation between education level and interethnic marriage; and the stratification of occupational types.

An Analysis of the Factors Affecting the Differences in Interethnic Marriage in China

Xu Shiying, Han Shuangrong

2022, 46(2):  36-47. 

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This paper studies the influencing factors of intermarriage rate in China from 2000 to 2010. The results show that the intermarriage rate of ethnic minorities in China has increased on the whole. There are great differences in the increase of intermarriage rate among different ethnic groups, which can be classified into three types according to the change value of interracial marriage rates and influencing factors. The results of classified regression analysis show that for the first group of the 17 ethnic groups, the change of urbanization rate and the basic value of intermarriage rate in 2000 have a significant impact on the increase of the intermarriage rate; for the second group of the 23 ethnic groups, the change in the proportion of the population with higher education and the change of urbanization rate have a significant impact on the increase of intermarriage rate; While the third group of the 15 ethnic groups has a small or negative increase in intermarriage rate.

Interethnic Marriage among Mongolian, Manchu, and Han in China

Cheng Mengyao

2022, 46(2):  48-60. 

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Although the interethnic marriage among Mongolians, Manchus and Hans has been repeatedly relaxed and restricted in Chinas history, the contact and communication among them have never stopped. This study found that the interethnic marriage among Mongolian and Manchu people is prevalent that the proportion of interethnic marriage stands over 40% for both of them. The intermarriage between the MongolianHan and the ManchuHan was the mainstream. The highly politicized “ManchuMongolian marriage”, which lasted for about three centuries in history, has been replaced by free communication among ethnic groups. The proportion of Mongolian women who are interethnic married surpassed its counterpart of Mongolian men. In terms of spatial distribution, the three ethnic groups formed a distinct and extensive northeastsouthwest intermarriage chain based on the Liaoxi Corridor. During migration, interethnic marriages mainly occur between local men and migrant minority women. Economic interaction, settlement pattern and migration promote exchanges and interactions among different ethnic groups.

The Impact of Flowing Effect and Registered Residence Discrimination on the Income of Floating Population:Analysis Based on Bilateral Stochastic Frontier Model

Yu Xiao, ChenXiaole, Xie Langzhuo

2022, 46(2):  61-74. 

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Based on the data of China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS) in 2017, this paper empirically tests the two action mechanisms of increasing and restraining the income of floating population by using the bilateral stochastic frontier model. The study finds that for the whole sample, the final wage income of floating population is higher than the reserved wage; Subsample results show that the premium effect in the eastern and central regions is higher than the inhibiting effect of registered residence discrimination, and the premium effect in the eastern part is significantly higher than that in the central and western regions. The wage premium effect in the western region is lower than the inhibiting effect of registered residence discrimination. There is a large wage gap among floating population. The lowincome group is more discriminatory by registered residence. Their lower wage premium leads to a lower wage earning than the retained income. In contrast, the highincome group benefits more from the wage premium effect.

Retain or Return： The Impact of Housing on Return Migration

Zhang Yaojun, Chen Yun

2022, 46(2):  75-88. 

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Population agglomeration is the foundation of urbanization. However, lots of migrants in China returned to their hometowns. Housing prices and house ownerships are two crucial factors in determining whether floating population would return. Although a vast body of literatures have analyzed various factors in return migration as well as the effect of housing prices on migration and settlement intention, few studies have focused on return behaviors. Employing China Household Finance Survey, we examine the effect of housing prices and house ownerships on the return behavior of floating population. Results from IVProbit model show that (1) the increase in housing prices crowds out floating population to return; (2) owning houses in their host cities reduces the chance of return for the homeowners and weakens the crowdingout effect of high housing prices; (3) the effects of housing prices and house ownerships on return decision are varying among the locations and the scales of the host city. Our findings have important policy implications for advancing urbanization strategies.

Multistate Analysis of Marital Status Effect on the Healthy Life Expectancy of Chinese Older Adults

Dong Huiling, Wu Bingyi, Yu Qi

2022, 46(2):  89-101. 

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Based on fourwave data of the CLHLS from 2008 to 2018, this paper uses interpolation Markov chain to calculate the risk transition probability among different health states, life expectancy (LE) and healthy life expectancy (HLE) of the older adults who were 6599 years old by marital status. The disabilityhealth transition probability, LE and HLE were lower for older adults without a spouse than those with a spouse, while the proportion of HLE in remaining LE was higher for older adults without spouse. The LE and HLE of older women were longer than older men, but womens proportion of HLE in the remaining LE was lower. The disability rate of older adults increased from 2016 to 2030, and will reach a “stable” level around 2026. Women and older adults without spouses will have a high risk of disability in the future. These findings suggest that having a spouse is a protective factor for older adults health.

Technological Innovation and Highquality Economic Development from the Perspective of Population Ageing

Li Jingbo, Gao Yuan

2022, 46(2):  102-116. 

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In the context of the irreversible and deepening of population ageing, the focus of the innovative country lies in the technological innovation. This paper uses the mediation model and the panel threshold model to verify the impact of population ageing on labor productivity through technological innovation pathway, and the transitional impact of technological innovation on labor productivity with population ageing as a threshold variable. The findings show that regardless of binding economic conditions, population aging has a mediating effect on labor productivity through technological innovations in addition to directly affecting labor productivity. When population ageing is viewed as a threshold variable, the impact of technological innovations on labor productivity is positive. When control variables are included, the influence of technological innovations on labor productivity becomes negative. The influence of innovations on labor productivity shows varying effects. During the demographic transition of the East area, the effect of technological innovations on labor productivity is in line with the mechanism of technological innovations on economic development.

Development Constraints, Policy Needs, and Governance Orientations of Childcare Institutions：An Analysis Based on Survey Data of 2679 Childcare Institutions in Henan Province

Chen Ning, Gao Weixing, Lu Wei, Zhang Yuanzhen

2022, 46(2):  117-128. 

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Childcare institution is an important pillar for the childbearing support system. Based on the survey data of childcare institutions in Henan Province in 2021 and an analytical framework of supply quantity, structure, quality, and efficiency, this research analyzes the major problems in the development of childcare institutions: high childcare bed vacancy rate, low professional level of teachers, difficulties in the implementation of preferential policies, lagging construction of standardization system, and the lack of highquality collaboration and management. To improve the development of childcare institutions, both endogenous and external factors are investigated. Specifically, the analysis focuses on the capital and hardware, talent supply, service standards, public policy support, industry governance norms, and the construction of social environment of childcare. We suggest that, to meet the needs of social care, the government should adjust the supply structure, support childcare services to embed in the community, and build a childcare voucher system.