关键词: 教育机会不平等, 教育结果不平等, 出生队列

Abstract: Using the data from the third wave survey of the Social Status of Women in China，this study investigates the inequality of both educational outcome and educational opportunity，and how they vary with cohorts. There are two main findings. First，regardless of gender，the degree of inequality of educational
outcome increases with cohorts，but the acceleration rate tends to decrease. This trend mainly results from the increase in both of the inequality of opportunity and the weight of importance which is due to the expansion of population at risk and the raised expected gain at the junior-to-senior high school transition. Second，among all cohorts，inequality of educational outcome for men is lower than for women，because women experience higher inequality of opportunity at all transitions，but the gender gap at every transition tends to vanish with cohort. The paper concludes with discussion of the methodological and substantive significance of this research.

Keywords: Inequality of Educational Opportunity, Inequality of Educational Outcome, Birth Cohort