关键词: 乡城人口流动, 农村人口退出, 托达罗模型, 土地功能

Abstract: The traditional migration theory has been unable to explain the phenomenon of“flowing without transferring”during the process of Chinese rural－urban population migration． Based on the Todaro modelwith the perspective of rural population transfer，this paper constructs a two－stage migration model by introducing institutional factors into the model，while clarifying the connotation and necessity of rural population transfer and analyzing the relationship between rural population transfer and citizenization and urbanization．In the short term，individual migration decision is made with the maximization of expected net income;in the long term，family migration decision is made with the maximization of expected net family income including the net institutional benefits． Our model suggests that rural land system is the core factor affecting rural population transfer． Successful transfer of the rural population requires that rural land be entitled more functions，especially the property function，and further reform of rural land system，especially the transfer
system．

Keywords: Rural－Urban Migration, Rural Population Transfer, Todaro Migration Model, Land Function