关键词: 托育机构, 发展瓶颈, 政策需求, 治理取向, 托育服务

Abstract: Childcare institution is an important pillar for the childbearing support system. Based on the survey data of childcare institutions in Henan Province in 2021 and an analytical framework of supply quantity, structure, quality, and efficiency, this research analyzes the major problems in the development of childcare institutions: high childcare bed vacancy rate, low professional level of teachers, difficulties in the implementation of preferential policies, lagging construction of standardization system, and the lack of highquality collaboration and management. To improve the development of childcare institutions, both endogenous and external factors are investigated. Specifically, the analysis focuses on the capital and hardware, talent supply, service standards, public policy support, industry governance norms, and the construction of social environment of childcare. We suggest that, to meet the needs of social care, the government should adjust the supply structure, support childcare services to embed in the community, and build a childcare voucher system.