人口研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (2): 96-111.

• 生育研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

房价对家庭生育决策的作用机制——基于中国家庭追踪调查数据的实证研究

张芬1, 方迎风2, 彭浩宸3   

  1. 张芬1、方迎风2(通讯作者)、彭浩宸3,武汉大学经济与管理学院
  • 出版日期:2023-03-29 发布日期:2023-03-29
  • 作者简介:张芬、方迎风(通讯作者),武汉大学经济与管理学院副教授;彭浩宸,武汉大学经济与管理学院硕士研究生。
  • 基金资助:
    本研究得到教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目“母婴代际健康联系与减贫:测算、作用机制和政策选择”(19YJA790113)和国家自然科学基金青年项目“后扶贫时代中国相对贫困的动态识别及创新治理研究”(72003143)的支持。

The Mechanisms of House Prices on Family's Fertility Decision-making:Empirical Analysis Based on CFPS Data

Zhang Fen1, Fang Yingfeng2, Peng Haochen3   

  1. Zhang Fen1, Fang Yingfeng2 (Corresponding Author)  ,Peng Haochen3, School of Economics and Management, Wuhan University
  • Online:2023-03-29 Published:2023-03-29
  • About author:Zhang Fen and Fang Yingfeng (Corresponding Author) are Associate Professors, School of Economics and Management, Wuhan University; Peng Haochen is Master Student, School of Economics and Management, Wuhan University.

摘要: 在中国近些年房价不断上涨而生育率持续走低的背景下,着重考察房价对家庭生育决策的作用机制。首先,通过构建模型,从理论角度阐述房价与家庭生育决策的关系。然后,在实证角度上,基于2010~2018年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)面板数据,借助Probit回归模型分析发现,家庭所在区县的城镇房价会对其当期的生育决策产生显著的负面影响,且该影响在不同人群中存在明显的异质性。在政府实施两孩政策后,该负面影响也较生育政策调整前更为强烈。在影响机制方面,高房价对生育决策的影响存在消费挤出效应。高房价对生育的影响还存在着降低妇女自我认同、变相增加养育子女成本等其他机制。此外,高房价还对婚姻有抑制作用,会进一步加剧房价对生育水平的负面影响。


关键词: 住房价格, 生育决策, 挤出效应

Abstract: In the context of rising housing prices and declining fertility rates in the past few years in China, the article first builds a model to explain the relationship between housing prices and family fertility decisions from a theoretical perspective. Then, from an empirical point of view, based on the panel data from 2010-2018 China Family Panel Studies, it is found that the urban housing prices in the counties where the family is located have a significant negative impact on their current fertility decision. Such impact also differentiates among sub-groups. Moreover, after the Chinese government carrying out the “two-child” policy, the negative impact becomes even stronger than before. In terms of the mechanism, housing prices have a crowding-out effect on fertility, and it can also affect fertility through reducing women's self-identity and increasing the cost of raising children. In addition, high housing prices have an inhibitory effect on marriage, which further exacerbates the negative impact on the fertility rate.