替代还是补充？居家养老服务对中国老年人代际支持的影响效应

摘要/Abstract

摘要：发展居家养老服务和支持家庭养老功能发挥都是实施积极应对人口老龄化国家战略的重要内容,但居家养老服务对家庭养老功能究竟产生何种影响尚需深入研究。在反事实因果的框架下,基于2018年和2020年两期中国老年社会追踪调查(CLASS)数据,使用双重差分倾向得分匹配法(PSM-DID)分析居家养老服务对家庭代际支持的影响。研究发现,居家养老服务显著减少了老年人的家庭代际支持获得,尤其是在一定程度上替代了子女对老年人的工具支持,这种替代作用在相对弱势的老年群体中更为明显;居家养老服务并未显著削弱老年人的家庭代际关系,说明中国家庭养老功能的整体发挥依然得以维系。应加强居家养老服务对家庭养老的支持作用,促进居家养老服务与家庭养老之间的相互融合和良性互动。

关键词: 居家养老服务, 代际支持, 家庭养老

Abstract: Both of the home-based care services for older people and the function of old-age support by family have been integrated into the national strategy of actively responding to ageing. However, more in-depth studies are necessary to explore the effects of home-based care services on family support for the older people. Based on a counterfactual framework and using the 2018 and 2020 China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (CLASS) data, this paper employs a combination of propensity score matching and difference-in-differences methods to measure the influence of home-based care services on family intergenerational support. The results show that home-based care services for the older people have a significant negative impact on their family intergenerational support, to a certain extent, replacing the instrumental support provided by adult children. Moreover, this substitution effect is more significant among the relatively vulnerable elderly group. The empirical results also suggest that the effect of home-based care services on family intergenerational support does not significantly reduce the intergenerational relationships of older adults, and that the overall functioning of family care is maintained. Therefore, in order to promote the mutual integration and positive interaction between social care services and family care, the support for the family care provided by home-based care services should be strengthened.

Keywords: Home-based Care Services for Older People, Intergenerational Support, Old-age Support by Family

孙鹃娟, 田佳音, 陈雨欣. 替代还是补充？居家养老服务对中国老年人代际支持的影响效应[J]. 人口研究, 2023, 47(6): 35-50.

Sun Juanjuan, Tian Jiayin, Chen Yuxin. Substitute or Supplement? The Impact of Home-based Care Services on Intergenerational Support of Chinese Older People[J]. Population Research, 2023, 47(6): 35-50.

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