中国老年人再就业与志愿服务参与

人口研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (5): 19-34.

• 深入学习贯彻党的二十届三中全会精神——发展银发经济 • 上一篇下一篇

中国老年人再就业与志愿服务参与

刘丰睿, 张文娟, 陈功

出版日期:2025-09-29 发布日期:2025-09-29
作者简介:刘丰睿，北京大学人口研究所博士后、助理研究员；张文娟，中国人民大学人口与发展研究中心、人口与健康学院教授；陈功(通讯作者)，北京大学人口研究所教授。电子邮箱：chengong@pku.edu.cn
基金资助:
本文为国家社会科学基金重大项目“以时间银行创新推动实施积极应对人口老龄化国家战略的理论和应用研究”(23ZDA101)、研究阐释党的二十届三中全会精神北京市习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心专项课题重大项目“健全人口发展支持和服务体系研究”(24LLSMA100),以及国家社会科学基金重点项目“生命历程视角下农民工子女教育问题研究”(22ASH015)的阶段性成果。

Reemployment and Volunteer Service Participation among Older Adults in China

Liu Fengrui, Zhang Wenjuan, Chen Gong

Published:2025-09-29 Online:2025-09-29
About Author:Liu Fengrui is Post-doctoral Fellow and Assistant Researcher, Institute of Population Research, Peking University; Zhang Wenjuan is Professor, Center for Population and Development Studies, School of Population and Health, Renmin University of China; Chen Gong (Corresponding Author) is Professor, Institute of Population Research, Peking University. Email:chengong@pku.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：基于2018年和2020年中国老年社会追踪调查(CLASS)数据，运用Logit模型和倾向得分匹配法，系统考察了老年人再就业对其志愿服务参与的影响及作用机制。研究发现，老年人再就业能显著促进志愿服务参与，高频率的再就业工作状态将提升志愿服务参与频率。机制分析表明，再就业不仅能塑造积极心理暗示，还可以增强社会支持感知，二者都促进了老年人志愿服务参与。异质性分析发现，主动再就业对志愿服务参与的促进作用强于被动再就业。进一步研究表明，老年人再就业对参与非正式维度志愿服务的促进作用强于参与正式维度和双重维度志愿服务。建议通过破除参与壁垒、重塑“有为有乐”社会认同并提供精准激励措施，系统激活老年人再就业与志愿服务参与的协同效应。

关键词: 老年人, 再就业, 志愿服务, 角色认同, 社会整合

Abstract: Based on data from the 2018 and 2020 China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey(CLASS), this study systematically investigates the impact of reemployment on older adults' participation in volunteer service, as well as the underlying mechanisms, using a Logit model and the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method. The findings indicate that reemployment significantly promotes volunteer engagement of older adults, with high-frequency reemployment associated with increased frequency of volunteer participation. Mechanism analysis reveals that reemployment not only shapes positive psychological cues but also enhances the perception of social support, both of which promote elderly participation in volunteer service. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the positive impact of reemployment is more pronounced among older adults who reenter the workforce voluntarily, compared to those who do so passively. Further analysis indicates that reemployment among older adults has a stronger positive effect on participation in the informal type volunteer service than on participation in the formal type or dual-type volunteer service. To systematically activate the synergistic effects of reemployment and volunteer participation among older adults, it is recommended to remove participation barriers, reshape the societal recognition of “productive and joyful ageing”, and provide targeted incentive measures.

Keywords: Older Adults, Reemployment, Volunteer Service, Role Identity, Social Integration

刘丰睿, 张文娟, 陈功. 中国老年人再就业与志愿服务参与[J]. 人口研究, 2025, 49(5): 19-34.

Liu Fengrui, Zhang Wenjuan, Chen Gong. Reemployment and Volunteer Service Participation among Older Adults in China[J]. Population Research, 2025, 49(5): 19-34.

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中国老年人再就业与志愿服务参与

Reemployment and Volunteer Service Participation among Older Adults in China

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