关键词: 人口年龄结构, 少儿抚养比, 老年抚养比, 居民消费

Abstract: The aging of population has impacts on the consumption of the aged population By affecting the savings rate，labor supply，labor productivity，economic growth，aging will be indirectly influencing consumer demand The empirical analysis shows that the effect of income on household consumption is significant，that is the lower the income，the greater the propensity of marginal consumption; the increase of the elderly dependency ratio is an important factor in reducing household consumption A comparison of urban and rural areas shows that population aging significantly reduces consumption expenditure of urban residents while the effect for rural residents is not significant; rising child dependency ratio significantly increases consumption expenditure of both urban and rural residents A comparison of eastern，central and western areas suggests that the descending order of the effect of population aging on household consumption is east，central and west areas; the descending order of the effect of child dependency ratio on household consumption is central，west and east areas; while the descending order of the effect of elderly dependency ratio on household consumption is east，central and west areas in China.

Keywords: Population Age Structure, Child Dependency atio, Elderly Dependency ate, Household Consumption