人口研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 97-112.

• 论文 • 上一篇    

城乡已婚者主要生命阶段家户结构分析 ——以 1982 年以来人口普查数据为基础

王跃生1   

  1. 中国社会科学院人口与劳动经济研究所、老年与家庭研究中心。
  • 出版日期:2017-07-29 发布日期:2017-09-26
  • 作者简介:王跃生,中国社会科学院人口与劳动经济研究所、老年与家庭研究中心研究员。
  • 基金资助:
     

The Urban and Rural Household Structure of Married People over Their Life Course: Based on the Census Data since 1982

Wang Yuesheng1   

  1. Institute of Population and Labor Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
  • Online:2017-07-29 Published:2017-09-26
  • About author: Wang Yuesheng is Research Fellow,Institute of Population and Labor Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
  • Supported by:
     

摘要: 1982 年以来四次人口普查数据显示,城乡已婚者在主要生命阶段的居住方式既有相 同或相似表现,也有差异。2000 年和 2010 年城市新婚者多组成独立生活单位,农村则为与父母同住 比例最大。1982 年和 1990 年,城乡初育妇女均以在核心家户生活为主导,至 2000 年城市 20 岁组初 育妇女中的核心家户比例下降, 25 岁组依然以核心家户为主; 2000 年农村这两个年龄组初育妇女中 的核心家户比例均较之前明显下降。在养育子女阶段,1982 年和 1990 年不同年龄组多子女妇女中有 较高比例的标准核心家户。城乡 4 个时期夫妇“空巢”峰值均在 65 岁组,有配偶老年夫妇独住峰值在 75 岁组及上下,老年夫妇健在时独住逐渐成为主要居住方式。城乡丧偶老年人的家户并未出现普遍 “解体”,与已婚子女同住仍是主要做法,但“解体”趋向逐渐增强。

 

关键词: 已婚者, 家户结构, 生命阶段, 社会转型, 人口普查数据

Abstract:  Data from the four censuses since 1982 show that there are both similarities and differ- ences in the household structure between urban and rural married people at different stages of their life course. In urban areas,the majority of newly married people had established independent living u- nits. After giving birth to the first child,women mainly lived in nuclear households. When children grew up and became married,the proportion of the " empty nest" household among the elderly couples in- creased considerably. A gradually growing trend was observed in the widowed elderly living alone. However,widowed elderly living with their married children still accounted for a larger propor- tion. Before 2000,the household structure of rural married people was similar to that of their urban counterparts over their life course. In 2010,the proportion of newly married people living alone was low- er than that in 2000. The proportion of nuclear households declined for those married people who just had the first child,while the proportion of young married people living with parents or parents in law in the lineal household increased.

Keywords: Married People, Household Structure, Life Course, Social Transformation, Census Data

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