Abstract: Based on data from a specialized survey in China, this study examines the factors affecting fertility intentions among married couples without children. The factors mainly involve personal preferences, economic constraints, care burdens, and pregnancy preparation. “Being currently young and unwilling to have children” is the primary reason for being childless, though its impact fluctuates and gradually decreases with age. These young couples view delayed childbirth as a temporary choice, exhibiting clear compensatory fertility intentions in later reproductive stages rather than being lifelong childless. For those beyond the ideal childbearing age who remain childless, “high work pressure” becomes the dominant barrier. At lower economic level, improved economic conditions can effectively enhance individual fertility intentions. However, after income surpasses a certain threshold, non-economic interventions are required to activate latent fertility intentions. Consequently, targeted fertility promotion policies should be formulated to strengthen the guidance on the reproductive values among young married couples without children, enabling the translation of compensatory childbearing intentions among those who have delayed childbirth into actual reproductive behavior.

Keywords: Married and Childless, Delayed Childbirth, Fertility Intentions

摘要： 基于中国不婚不育少育群体专项调查数据，发现已婚未育群体的未育原因主要包括个人偏好、工作经济、照料和备孕等方面。其中，“目前还年轻不想生”是最主要的未育原因，但该原因的影响随年龄增长波动下降。已婚未育群体将延迟生育视为阶段性选择，在育龄后期表现出明显的补偿性生育意愿，而非终身未育。“工作压力大”是超过理想生育年龄的已婚未育群体最主要的未育原因。在经济水平较低的阶段，经济状况改善可有效提升个体生育意愿;但当经济水平跨越特定阈值后，则需通过非经济干预手段激活个体潜在生育意愿。鉴于此，应制定针对性生育支持政策，增强对青年已婚未育群体的生育价值观引导，促进延迟生育群体将补偿性生育意愿转化为实际生育行为。

关键词: 已婚未育, 延迟生育, 生育意愿