Abstract: Newborns are the key of maternal and child health care, national health management, and population statistics. It is of great significance for national population management and comprehensive social governance to promote the construction of basic information database of newborns. It has also been listed as one of the key contents of the National Population Development Plan (2016-2030).With the gradual improvement of management and informatization of birth medical certificates in China, the birth medical certificate system has become an increasingly important source for timely and accurate access to the basic information of newborns. Through comparing the differences of birth population statistics and methods from various departments and reviewing the history and policies of birth registration and birth medical certificates management, this paper analyzes the current situations of birth population statistics and existing problems during the informatization process. We then put forward some suggestions to improve the quality of birth population statistics in China based on the birth medical certificate information system.

Keywords: Birth Population, Birth Medical Certificate, Demographic Statistics

摘要： 新生儿是妇幼保健、儿童权益保护及整个国家人口管理的起点，切实推进出生人口基础信息库建设对国家人口管理和社会综合治理有重要意义, 也被列为《国家人口发展规划（2016-2030年）》实施的重点内容之一。随着我国《出生医学证明》管理及信息化建设的逐步完善，《出生医学证明》信息日渐成为及时准确获取出生人口基础信息的重要来源。文章通过比较来源于不同部门的出生人口统计数据的差异，回顾出生登记和《出生医学证明》管理的发展历程和相关政策，分析我国出生人口信息化建设的现状及存在的问题，进而提出基于《出生医学证明》信息构建我国出生人口基础信息库，提高我国出生人口统计质量的思考与建议。

关键词: 出生人口, 出生医学证明, 人口统计