关键词: 发展中国家, 人口监测, 人口调查, DHS调查

Abstract: Population monitoring is the fundamental work for carrying out population strategy research and solving population problems. Establishing and Improving the population monitoring system is not only the responsibility of the government, but also has theoretical and methodological significance in the field of demographic statistics. Globally, all countries in the world attach importance to population monitoring, and basically follow the model of “administrative records + monitoring and investigation”. Countries with complete vital registration system also conduct demographic surveys to make up for the deficiency of administrative records, while countries with imperfect administrative records rely on demographic surveys to carry out population monitoring. This paper examines the detailed practices of the largest demographic and health survey in the world, mainly in developing countries, in perspective of organization and implementation, survey content, questionnaire design, sample size, sampling methods, and data development and application. Based on the current situation of Chinas demographic surveys, this paper describes China's population monitoring system, clarifies the features of Chinas population monitoring system, and also puts forward the key work of the current population monitoring system construction in China.

Keywords: Developing Countries, Population Monitoring, Population Survey, DHS Survey