关键词: “生产-消费”属性, 潜类别模型, 老年人口复合分类

Abstract: This study presents a typology of older adults based on production and consumption dynamics, utilizing data from the 2018 China Longitudinal Ageing Social Survey （CLASS2018）. The latent class model and the multi-nominal logit regression model were employed to identify four types of older adults: those with low demands and productivity, those with high demands, those with high productivity, and those with high demands and productivity. Results indicated that over half of older adults contributed to their families or society, while only about one-fifth demanded informal or formal care. The probability of being an older adult with high productivity declined for those aged over 66, while that of being an older adult with high demands increased for those aged over 69. The productive and consuming behaviors of older people were correlated to the natural environments, institutional arrangements, and social contexts. This study provides evidence for the reform of the retirement age policies and the construction of a social service system giving equal weight to aged care and social participation.

Keywords: Production and Consumption Dynamics, Latent Class Model, New Typology of Older Adults