Table of Content

29 May 2018, Volume 42 Issue 3

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 Actively Responding to Population Ageing is China's National Strategy in the New Era

Yuan Xin

2018, 42(3):  3-8. 

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 Impact of Central Cities on Regional Human Capital Accumulation

Wang Jinying,Li Zhuangyuan and Li Tianran

2018, 42(3):  9-23. 

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The development of regional economy depends on the regional central cities and the accumulation of human capital. Therefore,the construction of the central city becomes the growth pole of regional development. It plays a significant role in regional economic and social development,and human capital accumulation is the key to realize its functions. How does central city enable the human capital accumulation? In this paper,we establish spatial econometric models to explore the effect of the central city on human capital accumulation,from the aspects of economy,industry,education,employment and medical service. It is found that the industrial development,public expenditure,education and medical care have significant impacts on regional human capital accumulation. The impacts of central cities on regional human capital accumulation shows different mechanisms,some are accumulation, while others are spillover. Therefore, development strategies of central cities should be formulated to take into account both their own economic development and the interaction among cities,ultimately achieving common development.


Income Effects of Hukou Transition of Rural Migrants in the Urban Labour Market

Yang Jinlong

2018, 42(3):  24-37. 

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Drawing upon data from Chinese General Social Surveys (CGSS2012,2013),this paper investigates income effects of Hukou transition of rural migrants in the urban labour market using least square method (OLS) and Propensity Score Matching (PSM). Empirical results suggest that the conversion of household registration status does raise the income of the rural migrants in the urban labor market; however,the income advantage resulting from Hukou conversion is not evenly distributed across the people who have experienced the household registration status transition. Migrants who achieved the Hukou transition through a competition mechanism perform better than all other groups including the urban local residents. And this is further confirmed in the results of PSM. The paper concludes with discussion on the policy implications.

The Inversion Pattern of Urban and Rural Ageing: Universality and Periodicity

Lin Bao

2018, 42(3):  38-50. 

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Based on the urban-rural data by age and sex released by the United Nations in 2014, It is found that the phenomenon of urban-rural inversion of population ageing is universal. There are clear developmental stages for the differences between urban and rural population ageing with two turning points when the proportion of population aged 60+ reaches 3% ~ 4% and 10% . In the first stage ( the proportion of population aged 60+ is less than 3. 5% ),the urban-rural difference increases by 0. 172 percentage for every percentage increase of population aged 60 and over in the total population. In the second stage ( the proportion of population aged 60+ is between 3. 5% and 10% ), the urban-rural difference is reduced by 0. 243 percentage for every percentage increase of population aged 60 and over in the total population. In the third stage,the urban-rural difference increases by 0. 211 percentage for every percentage increase of population aged 60 and over in the total population. Combined with theoretical analyses,this paper proposes a revised “urban-rural differences transition model” explaining the inversion pattern of urban-rural ageing in most of the world??s countries and regions.


Comparative Analysis of Spatiotemporal Evolution of Population Ageing in China:Measurement based on Fixed Age and Dynamic Age Indexes

Wu Lianxia and Wu Kaiya

2018, 42(3):  51-64. 

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Using dynamic age indexes (remaining life expectancy and real elderly dependency ratio) which measure the rate of population ageing through life table,this paper analyzes the temporal and spatial evolutional characteristics of population ageing in China from 1990 to 2010 with spatial analysis method. The results suggest that the degree of ageing and old-age dependency ratio which measured by fixed age indexes tend to increase,while those measured by dynamic age indexes tend to decrease.The spatial pattern of ageing by fixed age index is mainly differentiated between the east and the west. The ageing pattern by the dynamic age index has experienced the transformation from “north high and south low” to “east high and west low” and then to “the circle pattern centered on Chongqing”. The spatial-temporal evolution patterns of ageing based on dynamic age indexes are more likely to reflect the essential characteristics of China??s population ageing and reveal the internal mechanisms of population and social development. Better understanding the influencing factors and the regional differences of ageing patterns enables a more focused differentiation strategies to promote the active response to the
challenges of population ageing.

Changing Patterns and Development Challenges of Child Population in China

Lv Lidan,Yan Fang,Duan Chengrong and Cheng Mengyao

2018, 42(3):  65-78. 

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Using data from China??s population census and one-percent national population sample survey since 2000,this paper analyses the changing patterns and challenges of child population in China. Results indicate that the child population has stopped decreasing and shows a sign of stabilization.Meanwhile,the number of children who grow up in urban areas is increasing while the rural number continues dropping. The proportion of ethnic minority children maintains a continuous growth. The proportion of families that have no children is also increasing. In contrast,the proportion of multi-child families keeps reducing. The living conditions and development chances of children are facing several challenges,including a large number of floating and left-behind children,especially the urban left-behind children,which have been gradually expanding. The imbalance of children??s sexual structure is also striking. Family care becomes an emerging problem and the compulsory education of children still faces severe challenges. Finally this paper discusses policy implications regarding poverty relief,market-driven family care system,and the educational problem of children.

Time Allocation on Housework and Care among Urban Couples in China

He Guangye,Jian Minyi and Wu Xiaogang

2018, 42(3):  79-90. 

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Based on the analysis of data from China Family Panel Survey (CFPS) in 2010,this article investigates the pattern of time allocation between partners of married couples in urban China. We employ the Seemingly Unrelated Regression Equations (SURE model) to examine how relative income of husbands and wives may affect their time spent on housework and caring work,the method of which takes account of the potentially associated between the unobserved gender role expectation and the division of household labor between the couple,which have been largely neglected in previous studies. We separate work days from holidays,and housework from family care in the empirical analysis. Results show that “gender display” pattern in time allocation is less pronounced in housework than in family care. On work days, wives?? earnings contribution is positively associated with husbands?? housework
time,but negatively associated with their own housework time. On holidays, wives?? earnings and husbands?? housework time show a curve-linear relationship,with a first increasing and then declining. As to family care,wives?? earnings contribution is not significantly associated with husbands?? caring time. There is a clear pattern of “gender display” on both work days and holidays for wives:their caring time would first decrease and then increase with their earnings, after their earnings reach 60 percent of their husbands'. To understand women??s living conditions in China,we call for further exploration of potential mechanisms and forces that drive the long-term change and continuity of the traditional gender practices.


Social Support and Infertility

Guo Xinghua and Xiao Xiangyi

2018, 42(3):  91-100. 

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Urbanization and industrialization bring better living quality as well as new health challenges to human being. Mental stress has increased substantially along with the speeding pace of modern life. People have to find out effective ways to tackle and relieve mental stress when the high intensive pressure becomes inevitable,one of which is social support. Research has shown that social support is significantly associated with mental pressure and diseases. However, no consensus has yet been reached regarding the nature of this relationship. In this paper,we examine this relationship based on a survey of a group of infertile males by setting up a control group to test hypothesis using logistic regression analysis,suggesting that there is a dynamic interactive relationship among social support,mental stress and diseases. Finally,we develop a PCE model to provide theoretical explanations to this relationship.

 “One Belt One Road” and Chinese Immigrants in Poland

(Zhang Hui and Krzysztof Kardaszewicz

2018, 42(3):  101-112. 

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Europe is emerging as one of the fastest growing regions for Chinese migration,with Poland as an important destination and a site of a new migratory dynamic in the region. With a small but rapidly evolving Chinese community,Poland serves as a clear example of two essential trends shaping
Chinese presence. First,it is a showcase of a broader transition happening across Europe,from traditional economic migration,to a more complex transnational dynamic. Second,it offers a picture of a ‘ new destination’ among Chinese diaspora,one of several emerging in Europe as a result of New Silk Road investments. Very few studies have previously focused on Chinese in Poland and Central and Eastern Europe. Drawing on results of long-term fieldwork research,this work analyses the evolution of Chinese community in Poland,with details on different types of Chinese migration and their significance to broader transition in the region.